From your description, I would say there is a 90% the tire/wheel assembly is at fault. Balancing is not the only cause of vibration in tire/wheel assemblies, it could be a defective tire, or even a high spot in the tire mated to the high spot on the rim giving you high RFV. There's tons of things that can cause a vibration, but always check the tire/wheel assembly first since it is so common for them to be at fault, and (if you have an extra set, like you do) it's easy to swap on a new set and eliminate a variable.
Whenever you have 2 hours to spare:
Drive a short loop around your house, including freeways (or wherever you notice the vibration the worst). focus and take careful notice of when, where, how fast, and how strong the vibration is. Then put the winter set that you know is vibration-free on the car and drive it for the same loop. I suggest the winter tires instead of the Yoko's because you said that you know the winters are vibration free, I don't know the status of the Yokos. 20 miles of driving in warm weather won't hurt winter tires, just don't do any 100+mph bursts or run them at highway speeds for extended times. If the vibration is gone (or reduced to acceptable levels) then you've already isolated your issue. then you can start to look at balance, phase matching, bent rims, or defective tires. Or if the vibration doesn't change, start looking at the car itself.