According to Consumer Reports,
“most aftermarket car batteries sold in the U.S. are made by three companies that build them for retailers: Johnson Controls, which supplies more than half of the market; Exide; and East Penn.“
Car Battery Buying Guide
Of course Johnson Controls sold their automotive battery business to Clarios in 2019. Not any batteries now is made by Johnson Controls.
Exide Technologies LLC won bankruptcy court approval to sell its Americas battery business to an affiliate of Atlas Holdings in 2020. Atlas Holdings is a manager of investments in industrial manufacturing and distribution businesses.
East Penn is Deka / MK, and so far nothing has changed.
Interstate batteries are no doubt one of the most popular battery brands. From my own experience they usually are reliable and relatively affordable. And many OEM batteries I’ve purchased for my own vehicles from Mazda、Honda、BMW、and VW dealers are all “made by” (or from) Interstate.
“The maker of Interstate Batteries is Brookfield Business Partners and Exide Technologies. The Interstate Battery System of America, Inc., a privately owned battery marketing and distribution company in the United States, markets these batteries.
There was a previous report that Johnson Controls is making 65% of Interstate Batteries. However, this is no longer true. Johnson Controls is not currently making these batteries. The company Brookfield and Exide Technologies has already taken over this job.”
Who Makes Interstate Batteries [Interstate Battery Review]
Finally, I don’t believe Panasonic is selling any automotive batteries in the US.