I am gonna have to disagree with the s-pipe being all that restrictive. I know it makes since it has bends and everything, but I have Vibrants s-pipe back and I used corksports s-pipe, didnt feel any different with that s-pipe opposed to the callaway. I know it has the same bends in it where the GHL does not use the same lines, but it had a larger diameter and smoother internal surface which should have shown a nice gain, but I didn't feel a difference and if you believe the rule that you cant feel anything under 5-7 hp then I would say it had little effect. That s-pipe sheared in half, got it replaced and sold it, put the stock s-pipe back on and put the money regained from the s-pipe into an electronic cutout and I really felt a difference with that, loud but fast.