I tend to agree, but really don't know. Maybe that's why some guys with big turbos and built engines when upgrading the pump internals also upgrade the injector seals? Maybe the injectors can hold that much pressure closed. I'm just guessing. A bit above my pay grade here.
EDIT: There is a thread on this subject over on the MSF board. The title is "high-pressure-relief-valve-option" (without the dashes) or words to that effect. There is, indeed a relief valve. It's not in the pump but in the fuel line, I think the return line. There are now options to upgrade the valve to allow higher pressure to be accessed for those doing custom tuning. Apparently some guys with very highly modded DISI engines up in the 400 whp range are running very high pressure to hit target AFR's with the stock injectors at that hp and fuel demand level.
I understand that the stock valve and the stock sensor will only work up to 2100 psi (2070 absolute), if I'm reading all of this correctly. If pressure goes higher, the sensor keeps sending 2100 psi, but shortly after that, the stock relief valve will open and normalize pressure.
On that other thread it appears that replacement valves are avaliable to up the relief point, and that tuning devices like AP can, indeed, "command" higher pressures at or above that range on those very hi po engines. They replace the valve and also upgrade the sensor, which would call for recalibration of the mapping in the ECU. Those guys are doing that with AP.
It also seems that there is agreement over on that and other threads there that even with the limitations of the stock relief valve and limitations on pressure in the stock tune or aftermarket tunes with slightly higher pressures, that there is a benefit in the form of better atomization of the fuel. That seems consistent with your theory.
So a shorter duration but higher pressure charge would be better atomized and ought to be more efficient and produce better power.
This is only what I read during lunch (lol), so I can't verify this. But it sounds like yet another good reason to upgrade the pump internals and that fuel rail pressure up to 2100 psi can be beneficial even if the ECU is only commanding about 1700 max. on more modestly modded engines like ours.